来自雅思写作的人文关怀（20180524）

5月24号雅思写作真题

Children are facing more pressures nowadays from academic, social and commercial perspectives. Wh？at are the causes of these pressures and what measures should be taken to reduce these pressures? (20180524)

这篇作文题对宝宝们全方位赤裸裸的关注，我怎么觉得“人艰不拆”的好呢？但是敢于直面惨淡的人生敢于正视平凡的自己，才能让我看到诗和远方的殿堂。

题中要求从三个方面来分析宝宝们所面临的压力。首先，从academic方面来说，家长们有unrealistically high expectations，但是宝宝们并不能达到这些requirements或者实现家长他们的dreams。从social方面来说，就是身边其他小伙伴儿们不友好，与此同时，宝宝们比较sensitive甚至被irritated。从commercial方面来说，五花八门的广告具有非常大的temptation，但不幸的是，宝宝们买不起呀。

通过深度分析雅思大作文的历年真题，笔者发现雅思考官十分关注宝宝们与6大对象之间的互动和关系，因而这6大角度也常常成为雅思大作文的话题考核角度，包含：

1.与学校

2.与家长（包括祖父母）

3.与同龄人

4.与广告

5.与媒体

6.与社会（包括政府）

而解题的关键，首先就是回归本色，即充分了解各个对象的自身特点和需求（目标）。

这里巫莎老师来为大家剖析一下宝宝们的自身特点和需求↓

宝宝们的特点

1.A lower level of maturity, being easily induced by all kinds of attractions.

2.Prone to go astray if they have mental problems such as depression or act rebelliously.

3.Unlikely to ease pressure when they have learning difficulties or difficulties in other matters.

4.Cognitive abilities remain underdeveloped as well, which partly means too much academic tasks impose pressure on them.

5.Their behavior is transcending as they learn new perspectives from other people.

宝宝们的需求

1.In need of adult protection, love and nurturing.

2.A sense of security is guaranteed if they are cared for by one or more people whom they are familiar with.

3.In need of much nutrition to reduce problems in immunity and physical growth.

4.Critical thinking capacity, decision-making skills and self-confidence needs to be nurtured preliminarily.

5.All-round development such as versatile skills in arts and computer literacy.

6.Being interested in free play in nature, which encourages positive feelings. 

那么学校对于宝宝们的支持和期待又是怎样的呢？↓

学校的特点

1.Providing professional guidance not only in academic perfection but also in moral development.

2.Spreading real knowledge and breaking up superstition.

3.Providing uniform primary education.

4.Teachers are equipped with knowledge about child psychology and cognitive psychology.

5.Organising all kinds of activities about sports, arts as well as survival skills.

6.Telling children historic figures and success stories.

宝宝们的目标

1.Developing early literacy and social skills. 

2.Cultivating learning habits and learning methods, and meanwhile the heart and mind of pupils.

3.Testing students to make sure that they have grasped what has been taught.

4.Upgrading teaching facilities with multimedia equipment in order to teach students more efficiently and in a more open-minded way and then stimulate their interest in learning.

5.Helping to maintain a high moral standard. 

6.Raising students’ awareness of self-discipline and self-management.

单单涉及学校这个角度的真题很多，选取两个，列举如下：

1.Children find it difficult to concentrate on or pay attention to school. What are the reasons? How can we solve this problem? (20140118/ 20170429)

2.In some countries, secondary schools aim to provide general education across to a range of subjects. In others, children focus on a narrow range of subjects related to particular career. Which of these two systems is more appropriate in today’s world? (20151008)

道题问如果参照“宝宝们的特点1/3/4”、“学校的特点3”、“学校的目标3”，是不是迎刃而解；第二问如果参照“学校的特点4/5/6”、“学校的目标4/6”，是不是也信手拈来；第二道题如果参照“宝宝们的特点1/3/4/5”、“宝宝们的需求4/5/6”、“学校的特点1/3/4/5/6”及“学校的目标1/2/4/5/6”，是不是可以洋洋洒洒过250个单词？

家长（包括祖父母）的特点

1.In charge of teaching, supervising and making plans for children.

2.Teaching practical skills, experience and common sense.

3.Setting a good example for their children.

4.Giving unselfish and attentive care.

5.Knowing the personalities and peculiarities of their own children.

6.Negligent in their responsibilities if they are preoccupied with work.

7.Over protection and supervision may cause parent-child conflicts.

家长（包括祖父母）的目标

1.Expecting their children to become elite students, partly for satisfying their own vanity.

2.Providing personalised education if possible, aiming to tap children’s potential.

3.Making their children prepared for higher levels of education, regardless of academic performance or communication skills.

4.Making children aware of the importance of fulfilling filial obligations and paying respect to elders. 

5.Developing children’s good living habits such as about how to manage pocket money.

6.Building mother-child relationship and catering to her child.

涉及到家长角度的题目也不少，有些也把学校拿来作对比。其中两道题深得考官恩宠，列举如下：

1.Caring for children is probably the most important thing of the society. It is suggested that all mothers and fathers should be required to take the childcare training courses. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement? (20130119/ 20160528)

2.In some countries, there has been an increase in the number of parents who educate their children themselves at home instead of sending them to school. Do you think the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages? (20160213/ 20180426)

如果只分析家长角度的话，道题可以参照“家长（包括祖父母）的特点1/2/3/5/6/7”和“家长（包括祖父母）的目标1/2/3/4/5/6”，第二道题可以参照“家长（包括祖父母）的特点1/2/3/4/5/7”和“家长（包括祖父母）的目标1/2/3/4/5/6”。如果再聊学校角度的话，大家想必跃跃欲试了把？

同龄人（同龄人）相处的特点

1.Learning to share and take turns/enjoying group experiences.

2.Eager to be recognised and admired by others. 

3.Making up for one’s drawbacks and drawing on others’ strengths. For example, boys are more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girls.

4.Cultivating organisational ability.

5. Having different personalities such as being outgoing versus self-conscious.

6.Prone to be distracted from their tasks by others.

7.Being put at an extreme disadvantage if some are slow in development of intelligence quotient and emotional quotient.

8.Some may suffer from long-term school bullying and the ridicule from classmates.

9.Team work helps to cultivate a sense of honour and enforce empathy.

10.avoiding being selfish and self-centred.

这里找到的两个题目分别是：

1.Some people think that teaching children of different abilities benefits everyone, but others believe that intelligent children should be taught separately and given special treatment. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. (20160507)

2.Children and students are taught to push themselves to try and be better than other students rather than work together for everyone’s benefits. Do you think the disadvantages of training to be competitive outweigh the advantages? (20160604)

除了用到“宝宝角度”、“学校角度”和“家长角度”中的部分要点，上面两道题如果参照“同龄人（同龄人相处）的特点“中的任何几点，都可以很快破解。

广告的特点

1.Tempting children to buy more snacks, toys and other goods by using appealing pictures, sounds and stories.

2.Associating happiness with products.

3.Exaggerating the strengths and concealing the weaknesses.

4.Broadening children’s horizon.

5.With technology content.

6.Promoting consumer goods and informing customers of up-to-date items.

7.Making profits. 

8.As for some advertisements, they spread correct values such as showing filial respect for elders.

广告类的题目俯拾皆是，涉及儿童与广告的题目也不少见，还原两道真题：

1.Nowadays many television advertisements are aiming at children. What are the effects of this situation on children? Should television advertisements be controlled? (20140424/ 20160220)

2.Nowadays, an increasing number of advertisements are being directed at children, which persuade children to buy food, toys or other products. Parents believe it put great pressure on children. However, some advertisers claim there is still useful information in advertisement. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. (20160709)

道题可以用上“广告的特点”里面的任意要点，第二道题可以用上“广告的特点1/2/3/4/5/6/8”。当然也不能忘记了，还必须结合“宝宝角度”的要点哦！

媒体的特点

1.Exposing violence in all forms such as physical assault, catastrophes and so on.

2.Transmitting a wide range of knowledge including language, geology and astronomy.

3.Exercising their brain when they try to understand what is broadcast on TV.

4.Giving access to friends home and abroad.

5.Playing computer games benefits children in problem-solving abilities.

此类真题分别是：

1.Some people think watching television is bad for children in all ways. Others say it is good for children to get knowledge. Discuss both views and give your opinion. (20130202/ 20140517/ 20170318)

2.Some people believe that playing computers is bad for children in many ways. Others, however, believe that playing computers can have positive influences on children in their development. Discuss two views and give your own opinion. (20151024) 

虽然只是列举了两个真题，但是媒体与儿童的题目都是涉及电脑和电视方面的。道题可以参照“媒体的特点1/2/3”,第二道题可以参照“媒体的特点1/2/3/4/5”。面对这类题目，宝宝们从此可以轻松飘过。

社会（包括政府）的目标

1.Reducing child mortality rates.

2.Boasting plenty of talent in all different fields.

最后这个角度的相关题目，大多不能被大家一眼看穿，因为题目中也许没有“society”或者“government”之类的字眼。请看下面两道题：

In many parts of the world, more freedom is given to children than they used to. Is it a positive or negative development? (20170708)

Countries spend a lot of money preparing competitors in major sports competition such as Olympic Games and football World Cup etc. Others believe that it is better to encourage children to take up sports at a young age. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (20180315)

道题是不是可以参照宝宝角度、学校角度、家长角度、广告角度、媒体角度加“社会（包括政府）的目标2”作答？第二道题也是同理可得吧。

所以，一个中心（children）和六大角度

（schools/parents/peers/ads/media/society），大家掌握了吗？

本文作者

剑桥工作室雅思写作教师 巫莎

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