北美考试院 托福写作组 喻荟璇

 

2019.05.19 托福综合写作真题

Integrated Writing Task

综合写作   阅读：在美国西部建立一个往返旧金山和洛杉矶的铁路系统 论点1：公路维修费很贵，建铁路可以减少公路维修； 论点2：缓解交通堵塞； 论点3：高铁是非常环保的交通。   听力: 反驳 观点1：建立一个铁路系统会比公路维修更贵； 观点2：能不能缓解交通压力还取决于人们坐高铁方不方便； 观点3：有一些区域的轨道是不能允许高速行驶的火车通过的。

 

5月19号的考题依旧是道旧题，重复2015年4月12日和2018年9月8日的综合写作，刷到过原题的同学们十分幸运。在平时TPO的练习当中，我们认为熟悉的题型往往是动植物类的，但其实，这种政府决策类的题型也不占少数，其中TPO1, TPO7, TPO41和TPO46等是与本题类似的题型。多练习，熟悉出题方式，能帮助我们在考场上更加高效的获取信息并且更有把握。

 

TPO46 Electronic medical recoard system

 

阅读部分：

 

总观点：医疗记录电子数据化相比传统的纸质档展现了更多的优势。

 

• Reducing storage and transportation costs－减少了纸质档储存和运输的费用；

 

• Preventing errors and typos－可以降低错误的发生率；

 

• Aiding research－可供科研人员调取数据进行研究。

 

听力反驳：

 

总观点：三个优势其实是不存在的。

 

• 纸质文件是back up并且有signature，具有法律效力，即使电子化病历，也需要保留纸质的，所以并未减少开销；

 

• 虽然医生字迹不清，电子档可以减少错误，但是医生在给病人检查的时候依旧是先用笔纸记录，再由他们本人或同事录进电脑，并未有效降低失误；

 

• 在美国，有非常严谨的privacy law，数据不是随时可以access的，并且申请过程非常复杂，且病人有权block。

 

虽然两篇综合写作的主题不同，但是对于一些策的实施，好处以及其反驳也存在一些共性： 

 

◇ 节省开销cost/expenditure/spending （反驳：并不能有效减少）

 

◇ 缓解当前问题 solve certain problems/reduce errors （反驳：不能解决此问题，甚至可能引发新的问题）

 

◇ 便利高效 improve efficiency/bring convenience（反驳：没那么简单）

 

2019.05.19托福独立写作真题

Independent Writing Task

Many schools require young children（aged 5-11）to study together in small groups instead of studying alone. Do agree or disagree with the following statement? Requiring children to study in groups is the best way to teach them.

 

题目解析：

 

5月19日的真题重复了2016年10月16日的真题，除此之外，这是一道非常常规并且常见的教育类的考题。相信在新航道托福写作的课堂上，你一定见过这道题。托福写作类似的题型很多，并且出现在不同话题中，除了本题的study alone vs study in groups以外，还有work alone vs work in groups, exercise alone vs exercise with others. 这类的题都有共通之处，建议同学们可以正反都准备3个观点。需要注意的是，此题有两个限定条件，是young children (aged 5-11)，可根据目标人群的特征，选择更具说服力的观点；第二是词the best way。考虑到以上两点，相信绝大多数同学会选择disagree，也是更好写的立场。

 

对于含有词的题目，段落安排可以采取两种形式：，可以举三个反例，完成一个一边倒的文章；第二，如果只能想到两个反例，或是如本题这样，题干中给的选项也有极大的重要性，那么可以安排一个让步段和两个反驳段，构成一篇文章。

 

请参考如下范文：

 

In my university, booths in the library are always filled with students discussing their assignments. It even happens that I had to book project room one week in advance if I wanted to get an available one. It is no wonder that group study is commonly recognized as one of the most effective way in study as for college students. This leads me to reconsider whether it is suitable for young children. From my perspective, group study is far from being the best way for kids in study.

 

Children at young ages lack in self-discipline so group study is easy for them to get side-tracked. In all likelihood, meeting up with your classmates even friends to study can quickly go from studying Mathematics and American history to a discussion about fantasy football rankings and the upcoming World of Warcraft games. Studying in groups is geared toward solving a problem or comprehending the knowledge better beyond the class. If the study group is talking about something that are off-topic, then it would be meaningless and time-consuming to work in this way. In a sense, individual study is a better strategy to minimize the distractions.

 

On top of that, much of the conflict in work groups in the classroom arises from different attitudes toward the work group experience. Each student may have different academic goals. Some just want to pass, while others hope for a “First honor degree”. Some students embrace the benefits and gain that come from teamwork, while others prefer to work autonomously and don't adjust well to a group assignment. During group discussion and work, some students take on controlling roles that can turn off others, whereas other students would take the back seats and frustrate cohorts who want them to participate actively. Especially for those insecure students, they may have a hard time speaking up.

 

Last but not the least, the efficiency for both sides would be negatively affected. As for teachers, it is way more difficult to manage a free-talking class. Imagine that, with the noises going around, no one will care about what the teacher said and seldom will rigorously comply with the orders and requirements in class. The productivity will be left behind. Switch to another side, if a student is just starting to learn course concepts and the study group is reviewing more advanced concepts, he or she will not be able to keep up. Besides, note taking can be more difficult, especially when trying to follow the thread of conversation.

 

Given the above reason, by no means is group study the best strategy for both young children and teachers. Every class need to be well-planned according to the ages, levels and individualities of students. After all, a child mis-educated is a child loss.