“bother” 是一个用法灵活的词,可作动词、名词或感叹词,核心含义围绕 “打扰、麻烦” 展开,具体需结合语境判断,以下是其最常用的含义、用法及搭配:
一、词性 1:动词(v.)—— 表示 “打扰、麻烦” 或 “费心、操心”
1. 核心义 1:打扰、烦扰(影响他人,造成不便)
指因行为或需求给别人带来困扰,语气可轻可重,日常交流中使用广泛。
常见搭配:
bother sb(打扰某人,如 Sorry to bother you, but can you pass the salt?)
bother sb with sth(用某事打扰某人,如 Don’t bother her with trivial things.)
bother to do sth(费心去做某事,隐含 “没必要或懒得做” 的语气,如 He didn’t bother to reply to the email.)
例句:I won’t bother you anymore—I’ll come back later.(我不打扰你了,我晚点再来。)
2. 核心义 2:费心、操心(为某事花费时间或精力,主语通常是人)
强调为完成某事或解决问题投入精力,常与 “about” 或 “with” 搭配。
搭配:
bother about sth(为某事操心,如 She never bothers about her appearance.)
bother with sth(为某事费心,如 Why bother with cooking? Let’s order takeout.)
例句:Don’t bother about cleaning the house—I’ll do it tomorrow.(别费心打扫房子了,我明天来做。)
3. 延伸义:使烦恼、使苦恼(因某事感到困扰或不适)
主语可以是人或事物,强调 “引发负面情绪或不适”。
例句:The loud noise from the street bothered me all night.(街上的噪音吵得我一整晚都不安宁。)
例句:It bothers me that he never keeps his promises.(他从不信守承诺,这让我很苦恼。)
二、词性 2:名词(n.)—— 表示 “麻烦、困扰” 或 “烦心事”
指让人感到困扰的人、事或状况,语气较口语化。
常见搭配:
a bother(一件麻烦事,如 It’s a bother to carry such a heavy bag.)
put sb to bother(给某人添麻烦,如 I don’t want to put you to any bother.)
no bother(不麻烦、没关系,用于回应别人的感谢或歉意,如 “Thanks for helping!” “No bother!”)
例句:Getting up early is a real bother for me.(早起对我来说真是件烦心事。)
例句:Is it a bother if I borrow your pen for a minute?(我借你的笔用一下,麻烦吗?)
三、词性 3:感叹词(int.)—— 用于表达 “不耐烦、恼怒”
口语中常用,语气较随意,相当于 “讨厌”“烦人”。
例句:Bother! I forgot to bring my keys.(讨厌!我忘了带钥匙。)
例句:Bother it! The bus has already left.(烦人!公交车已经走了。)
四、高频固定表达
bother oneself about sth:为某事费心(比 “bother about sth” 语气更重,强调 “刻意投入精力”)
例句:He doesn’t bother himself about what others think.(他不在乎别人怎么想。)
not bother one’s head about sth:不去操心某事(口语化,强调 “完全不放在心上”)
例句:I don’t bother my head about politics—I just focus on my work.(我不关心政治,只专注于我的工作。)
it bothers sb that…:某事让某人困扰(固定句型,后接从句)
例句:It bothers me that she always talks during movies.(她总在看电影时说话,这让我很困扰。)