词汇量在两千多的同学在写作时经常会遇到各种各样的问题，如句型和词汇过于简单或口语化，在批改作文的过程中经常会看到one day, Do you think so?等口语化的短语或句型；还有一个很重要的问题就是中心句写完之后无话可说，导致论据乏力，文章只有骨架没有肉。这些问题当然是有方法可以解决的，那就是模仿，把自己阅读过的文章或段落迁移到写作中去，使文章更加充实。今天老师就总结一下留预二级读写课本上可迁移到写作中的段落结构。

1. how to类问题如何写措施

例子：在二级unit 2 reading 1（话题：How to manage our time?）中有这样一段话：

【首句提出措施It is important to write your tasks down.】【举反例Don’t rely on your memory to keep track of every little detail.】 【反例不可行的原因Memory is not always accurate. 】 【中心句措施具体如何实施Write down the things you need to do in a small notebook, or use an online tool to create and update your “to-do”list.】

(句原文是Write it down，为方便写作迁移，老师将这个短语扩成一个完整的句子了）

总结：首句提出措施+举反例+反例不可行的原因+中心句措施具体如何实施。

以How to keep healthy？为例。

首句提出措施：It is important to have a healthy diet.

举反例：Don’t eat too much junk food and fried food.

反例不可行的原因：Junk food may cause a number of diseases and you can easily get fat by eating fried food.

中心句措施具体如何实施：You’d better eat more fruit and vegetables. In addition, it is good to have three meals everyday.

It is important to have a healthy diet.Don’t eat too much junk food and fried food.Junk food may cause a number of diseases and you can easily get fat by eating fried food.You’d better eat more fruit and vegetables. In addition, it is also good to have three meals everyday.段落就这样形成啦，是不是很简单呢。

其他可迁移话题如：How to break a bad habit? How to develop better study habits? How to get into an overseas graduate school？

2. 列举法展开段落

例子：在二级unit 7 reading 2（话题：Colors and flags）最后一段：

【中心句Flags are used in many sports to signal and communicate.】 【列举1：In Australia, yellow and red flags on the beach indicate swimming conditions.】 【列举2：There are no universal standards, but in auto racing a green flag generally means start, yellow means caution, red means stop, and a black and white checked flag means the race is finished.】

【列举3：American football uses a yellow flag when a rule is broken, while Canadian football uses an orange flag.】

总结：中心句+列举1+列举2+列举3，列举多少个可视情况而定

以话题Describe three colors that have symbolic meanings in your culture 为例

中心句：Yellow is a very important color because of its unique meaning.

列举1： In feudal society, it symbolizes power. During that time, the imperial robe was yellow and the royal palace was painted yellow too, but common people were not allowed to wear yellow clothes.

列举2：Yellow can also represent wealth. As we know, the color of gold is yellow.  In the past, people often bought products with gold, so people who had a lot of gold were considered to be rich.  

其他可迁移话题如：Do you think it is important to study the oceans? Describe the differences and similarities in consumer behavior between men and women. Do you think it is important to explore the space.等

3.个体-群体-措施写结尾段

例子：二级unit 4 reading 1（话题：Fuel of the sea）最后一段：

【个体似乎影响不大An individual krill may seem insignificant】, 【整体影响大but as a species they represent one of the most abundant and important animals on Earth.】 【该如何做Healthy krill populations in the future depend on the actions of students studying marine biology today, as well as the actions of everyday people.】

迁移话题：Describe your hero.

个体似乎影响不大：An individual friendly or kind person may seem insignificant for the whole society,

整体影响大：but if the majority of people can help others when they are in need, we will build more harmonious relationships with each other.

该如何做：We need to appreciate these everyday heroes and do what they are doing.

其他可迁移话题：Some people think that the amount of noise people make have to be controlled strictly, others say that people are free to make as much noise as they wish. What’s your opinion?等

看了上面的三个分析有没有发现其实写作也是很简单的呢，所以我们平时一定要多阅读，而我们的教材就是的阅读材料，阅读文章时既要把握文章的整体架构，又要研究每个段落是如何组织起来的，有高质量的输入才会有高质量的输出。

世界上不缺少美，只是缺少发现美的眼睛。

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