本期考题考查的话题属于托福综合写作中经常考察的生态类-对于动物属性的话题。注意的是这道题目是一道老题目，曾在2013年1月27日考察过。

TPO中也有大量材料涉及道相关的话题，分别是TPO6(是否恐龙是恒温动物) TPO29（恐龙的迁移理论） TPO45（蜜蜂是否在2亿年前出现过）TPO(翼龙的飞行理论) TPO49(humpback whales迁移理论) 考生可以适度选择上述提到的TPO材料，熟悉相关话题，分析材料结构和写作结构。

Key words：hypothesis, theory, convincing result 

可以类比下列这些TPO综合写作

TPO06dinosaurs

阅读部分

总观点：恐龙实际上是恒温动物

1.    极地区域发现了恐龙的化石，说明恐龙是恒温动物，这样才能在极寒条件下生存。

2.    恒温动物的腿都长在身体的下部这样方便跑步来维持恒温，恐龙也是，所以恐龙也是恒温动物。

3.    有Haversian canals的一般都是恒温动物，而恐龙有很多Haversian canals，所以恐龙是恒温动物。

听力反驳

1.    极地区域发现了恐龙的化石并不一定证明恐龙是恒温动物。恐龙时代，一年中大部分时候，极地地区过去要比现在气温高。一些非恒温动物也可以生存。而在气候变冷的时候，恐龙跟大部分爬行类动物一样，会迁移到暖和的地方。

2.    恐龙的腿部虽然长在身体下方，但不是为了跑步，而是为承担恐龙的大体重

3.    恐龙的骨骼有growth rings.说明他们在寒冷的时候发育缓慢或者不发育，暖和的时候，发育非常快。这跟恒温动物无论是暖和还是寒冷都一样快速发育的理论相反，所以

TPO29 migration hypothesis

阅读部分

总观点：Edmontosaurus冬天要迁徙

1.    冬天North Slope没有Edmontosaurus的食物-草，因此他们需要迁移到有食物的地方

2.    同一地点出土了许多Edmontosaurus骨骼。这表明Edmontosaurus是群居的。许多现代的迁徙动物，如北美驯鹿和水牛，也成群结队地生活和迁徙。成群迁徙有助于动物协调迁徙。

3.    Edmontosaurus在生理上能够长距离迁徙。

听力反驳

1.    Edmontosaurus不需要迁徙来寻找食物。一亿年前，北坡地区的夏季气温比今天高，当植物在冬季来临时死亡时，在冬季周围有许多营养丰富的死亡植物。Edmontosaurus在冬天可以很容易地依靠死去的植物物质生活

2.    其次，Edmontosaur群居并不意味着它们会迁徙。动物群居有许多其他原因。例如，群居为动物提供了额外的保护，使其免受捕食者的侵害。

3.    虽然成年Edmontosaur能够长途迁徙，但还没有成年的Edmontosaur不能。因为幼崽不可能独自生存。所以整个只能呆在原地在寒冷的北坡生存

题目解析：

这是一道含有词的题目，可以从词题目的解题方式出发，先承认其合理性，在反驳其性。个理由，先说明演讲能力对于领导或者政客确实是非常重要的，后面的两个理由在思考，对于领导或者政客，是否有其他的能力比演讲能力更重要呢？常见的有领导力，决策能力，团队协作能力，自学能力等

请参考如下范文：

Some people claim that among those requirements of being a distinguished leader or politician, good communication should rank first since most leaders or politicians must attend various formal meetings and are required to deliver a speech in front of the public. Reasonable as it may sound like, I, on the contrary, contend that communication capacity is truly vital, what actually have more profound impacts on a politician or a leader are decision-making ability as well as talent management skill.

To begin with, it goes without saying thatgood communication skill is, indeed, indispensable for leaders, such as politicians. For one thing, For the sake of working effectively and efficiently, a leader needs to cooperate with his subordinates, cheer them up when they feel depressed, and give them a pep talk when the team is in adversity. Under these circumstances, good communication will play a dominant role in improving the teamwork spirit. For another, more often than not, having a command ofpreeminent presentation and public speaking skills will render it easy for team leaders to behave himself even in some special occasions. In short, admittedly, communication is of the essence.

Nonetheless, despite of the significance of communication ability, as far as I am concerned, there are some other crucial skills beyond the importance of communication, one of which is the ability to make decisions in emergency. That is to say, it is the decision-making capacity that distinguishes between the leaders and team members and enables the former to stand out. The past decades have witnessed a great number of natural disasters, like the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, provoking the death of thousands of people. The nation was in misery at that time. Fortunately, president Hu came out an emergent plan immediately and under hisguidance, the army ultimately healed the wounded and rescued the dying and made utmost efforts to minimize the damage.

Last but not least, it is widely believed the ability of management is also more significant compared to oral skills for leaders. Not only should leaders guarantee the job satisfaction of employees, but also they should make sure the work productivity. In other words, a leader should be aware of the strength and deficiency of an individual so that every worker can exert the biggest influence. Supposing a leader without this skill, it is tempting for this team to be in chaos and disorder and all kinds of problems will ensue. In a nutshell, public speaking skill is not as important as talent management skill.

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