托福考试试题类型

关于托福考试中遇到的托福试题类型，新航道小编给同学们整理了一下。今天我们将首先讨论的是在新托福考试中如何处理阅读修辞题。希望同学们能从中找到答案的规律，在考试中帮助到你。

托福试题类型
修辞目的题(Rhetorical Purpose)：考查读者透过表面特定的修辞方法/方式发掘潜在的目的能力。要求读者发现外在修辞特征背后的修辞目的。

例题：
Fine-art objects are not constructed by the laws of physics in the same way that applied-art objects are. Because their primary purpose is not functional, they are only limited in terms of the materials used to make them. Sculptures must, for example, be stable, which requires an understanding of the properties of mass, weight distribution, and stress. Paintings must have rigid stretchers so that the canvas will be taut, and the paint must not crack, deteriorate, or discolor. These are problems that must be overcome by the artist because they tend to intrude upon his or her conception of the work. For example, in the early Italian Renaissance, bronze statues of horses with a raised foreleg usually had a cannonball under that hoof. This was done because the cannonball was needed to support the weight of the leg. In other words, the demand of the laws of physics, not the sculptor’s aesthetic intentions, placed the ball there. That this device was a necessary structural compromise is clear from the fact that the cannonball disappeared when sculptors learned how to strengthen the internal structure of a statue with iron braces （iron being much stronger than bronze）.

Why does the author discuss the bronze statues of horses created by artists in the early Italian Renaissance?

A. To provide an example of a problem related to the laws of physics that an artist tries to overcome.

B. To argue that fine artists are unconcerned with the laws of physics

C. To contrast the relative sophistication of modern artists in solving problems related to the laws of physics

D. To note an exceptional piece of art constructed without the aid of technology

[解析]
正确的答案是A。这是一整篇章的节选。有关完整的文章，请参考本书第18页的文章。本文从不同的角度分析了applied-art object和fine-art object的区别。如果我们阅读全文，我们将知道这个话题中的这一段是如何从物理定律应用到这两种艺术作品的。具体来说，这一段是关于物理定律是如何应用于fine-art object上的。

这一段的句和第二句告诉我们：“在运用物理规律时，美术物品不同于应用艺术品。”与应用艺术品不同的是，在应用物理规律时，美术对象更注重材料的使用而不是功能。这些信息不包括选项B，因为艺术家在制作美术物品时也关心物理，只是从功能转移到物质应用。在接下来的几句话中，作者给出了具体的细节，考生不必过于死板地理解细节中的每一个词，相反，考生应该从下面这几个词中学习：为了使雕塑稳定，艺术家必须了解质量、重量分布和压力的物理规律。艺术家还必须了解一些物理规律，这样他们的画才能避免“画布绷紧，油漆不能开裂、变质或变色”这样的破坏。在这两个细节之后，作者说“这些是艺术家必须克服的问题，因为它们往往会干扰他或她对作品的概念”，这些都是艺术家在完成作品时必须克服的问题。然后用这个例子来给出一个具体的例子，这个例子也是一个细节。这个例子是为了表明“这些问题是艺术家在完成他的作品时必须克服的”，所以很明显，它们符合选项A。

以上是新航道小编给大家整理的托福考试中的修辞目的题的解决思路，希望大家更多的进行练习分析实践，掌握解答问题的技巧和方法。更多类型的考题将在新航道托福频道为大家讲解或者在线咨询我们。

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