2018全年托福考情分析---阅读篇

题型

占比

Factual Information questions事实信息题

30%

Negative Factual Information questions排除题

5%

Inference questions推断题

5%

Rhetorical Purpose questions修辞目的题

5%

Vocabulary questions词汇题

25%

Reference questions指代题

3%

Sentence Simplification questions简化句子题

7%

Insert Text questions插入句子题

10%

Prose Summary 总结题

10%

entailed = necessary

emergence = appearance

excessive = too much

appeal = attraction

unprecedented = never happen

inadvertently = unintentionally

presumably = reasonable assumption

vicinity = area

in junction with = stick to

essential = crucial

disrupted = interfered with

proportion = size

laboriously = making much effort

distinguish = separate

resemble=similar

vulnerable=threaten by

dense=closely placed

abrupt = sudden

core = center

presumed = assumed

guard = protect

suitable = appropriate

sustain = maintain

adjustable = adaptable

degree = level

meager = partly

incorporate = contain

Chaotic = disorganized

Coalesced = joined

Suddenly = abruptly

Refine = improved

Sparse = thin

unfavorable = negative

more permeable = had more places where crossings could occur

pursue = engage  in

comparable = similar

hastening = hurrying

strictly exist =in aquatic environments only（必须结合语境）

readily = quickly

prolong = extend

rudimentary = primitive

motives = reasons

anticipate = predict

foundation = basis

isolated = widely separated

distinct=clear

mutual=shared

allied = related

compilations = collections

dispersed = spread

remnants = remainders

remote = isolated

cited = mentioned

mundane = ordinary

decisive = determining

rival = competitor

lethal = deadly

disrupted = destroyed

appeal = attraction

vicinity = area

a case in point = a good example

barring = excluding

the course of change=the way the change developed

exclusively = only

regardless of =no matter

adaptable to= could be used with iron technology（结合语境型词汇题）

distinct=clear

suspected= thought it likely

Function=purpose

progressively =increasingly

Subsequent=later

vigorously= energetically

founding =establishment

Essential to=necessary for

mature = fully developed

Dwellings=homes

accomplished=achieved

undoubtedly=certainly

intermediate= in-between

Reinforce=strengthen

Most compelling= strongest

Viable=able to survive

Much deterioration= much worsening

Terminate=stop

End=location

Constrain=force

Thoroughly=carefully

Extract=select

Fine-tuning= Thoroughly control

consequently= as a result

Subsequent=following

dense=thick

remarkably= distinctly

inevitable=unavoidable

components=combinations

implication = consequently

perpetually = constantly

suitably = adequately

remnant = remain

confined to = limited to

allow for = make possible

flexibility = adaptability

system = group

Obstruction=barrier

Alter=modify

a cluster of = collection

Dramatically=surprisingly

Establishment=creation

Variable=ability to change

Hasten=to speed up

Revere=honor

Disguise=hidden

Abundant=large amount

supplement=additional

Components=part

confine=limit

Considerably=significantly

Relentless=unceasing

Confined to=limited to

Remarkable=impressive

Improbable=unlikely

Harbor=contain

Notion=idea

Definitive=final

Simultaneous= as the same time as

Execute=carry out

Privileged= advantaged

Congestion=overcrowding

Advantageous=favorable

Retained= kept

Readily=immediately

Exploit=pay attention to

Cycle=repetition

Diffuse=spread

Constant=endure

Proximity=in short distances

Respectively=particularly

Extended=gradually

Sufficient=enough

Thus=in this way

Impulse=push on

Deliberate=on purpose

Sought to increase=chose to increase

Decisive=determining

Characterized=distinguished

Lucrative=profitable

Reverted

sufficiently=adequately

divert=redirect

sustain =support

common=widespread

stringent=strict

inaugurating=starting

alter=change

persistently= for a long time

Impressive=remarkable

diverse=a variety of

Hasten=speed up

Integrate= combine

elaborate=complex

considerable= a large mount of

Disruptively=disorderly

intensively=strengthen

Retains=keeps inside

Founding=establishment

Sheltering=protecting

potentially=possibly

harsh=severe

validity=availability

wipe out=kill off

merit=advantage

perspective=viewpoint

pave the way for= make it available

faithfully=accurately

fragile=delicate

admiration for=high opinion of

perceived=seen

hierarchy =ranking orderly

adverse=negative

idle=unused

install = put in place

inevitably=unavoidably

depletion=reduction

Potentially=possibly

Deliberate=intentional

Precious=valued

Transparent=clear

Appreciate=realize

Concentrated=gathered

Durable=lasting

Autonomy=independence

Merely=only

Succeeding=following

Genuine=real

Reluctant=hesitant

advocate = promote

substantial =significant

scale=size

feasible= practical

cited =mentioned

in essence= basically

maneuverable=easily controlled

constrains to = restrictions on

mechanism = method

noticeable= remarkable

predominantly = mainly

feat = accomplishment

durable = long-lasting

remarkable = extraordinary

courteous = polite

posed = presented

absolute = total

associate = connect

progression = order

subjected to =exposed to

indistinguishable from = identical to

decisive = significant

recurring = repeated

Uninterrupted = continuous

relatively = fairly

painstaking = taking great effort in

imitator = people who copies him

precise = accurate

imparting = giving

exclusively = only

frigid = extremely cold

scattered= widely separated

speculates= puts forward as a possibility

construed = interrupted

tremendous= enormous

take for granted= desire

consequence could happen

disastrous = some bad

apparently= definitely

incidence= frequency

strive= make effort

significant= crucial

molten= liquid form by heating

copious = abundant

inspire= encourage

interpret= understand

supplemented = replaced

pioneered= introduced

nevertheless= however

literal= actual

withstand= resist

prominent= noticeable

exposed= uncovered

depleted= used up

constraint=limitation

ultimately= finally

hence= therefore

exhausted= tired up

exploit= take the advantage of

further= in addition

consumed= used up

stationary= fixed

excrete= release

optimal= favorable

embraced=adopted

substantial=large

overwhelming = without doubt

compensate=make up for

accessible=available

ingenious = comprehensive

prosperity=wealth

ignored=paid no attention

bizarre = strange

potential=possible

exclusive=sole

subsequently=one after anther

prevailing=dominant

inadvertently=unintentionally

Ceaselessly=rapidly

Classic=typical

Adjacent=nearby

was repulsed = was driven back

vulnerable to = unprotected from

continuous = nonstop

perished = died

constituent = component

gradual = slow

predominate = are in the majority

diffuse = spread

perceive= see

scatter = spread apart

presumably = probably

verifying= confirming

ascend =go up

converge on= meet at

vanishes=disappears