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武汉新航道全封闭学习中心 陈凤
个人简介:武汉新航道学校英语读写老师,英语专业八级,爱尔兰总理北京工业大学访问陪同翻译,热爱英语和英语教学,认为学习是一种乐趣,崇尚寓乐于学,寓乐于教,课堂气氛轻松活泼,善于将外海生活经历融于课堂,引导学生将所学知识与实际生活相结合。
信号词,顾名思义就是提示答案的信号。纵观雅思听力考试出题点不难发现,很多出题点是有规律可循的,那就是他们往往伴随着一些信号词出现。信号词本身不是答案,但它们给了我们一个很好的指导作用,告诉我们接下来的话很可能会是某道题的答案。如果你能在这些信号词出现的时候敏锐的注意到他们,并重点留心信号词接下来的内容,那么你做题的正确率就会大大提高。
那么什么样的词是信号词呢?它主要有以下几种类型。
1. 比较级或最。 the better,the bigger, the best, the worst, the least, the most...
比如剑7上的一道题为:
A German study showed there was greater ‘mixed handedness’ in musicians who
A. started playing instruments in early youth
B. play a string instrument such as the violin
C. practice a great deal on their instrument.
Audio script: keyboard players had high levels of mixed handedness, whereas string players like violinists strongly favored one hand. Also those who started younger were more mixed handed.
这道题使用了同意替换,但原文和题干都使用了比较级。原文中说的是who started younger, more mixed handed, 题干中使用的是 greater ‘mixed handedness’,这道题的答案是A,它将started younger 换成了in early youth, 虽然不完全等同于 younger, 但确是三个选项中最贴切的。如果你听到 started younger 时留心了后面这一整句话,这道题就不难选出正确答案了。
2. 表顺序和序列关系的词。这类词有the first , second, third, next, before, first of all, to begin with, meanwhile, previously, finnally, on one hand...on the other hand...等,它们经常出现在雅思听力中,并且是易出考题的地点。
Ladies and gentlemen, before we begin today, I would like to address an issue that one of you reminded me of after the last lecture. As you may recall, last time I mentioned that Robert E. Pierre was the first person to reach the North Pole.
上文中the first 就是一个考点。
3. 表选择、并列和递进关系的词。这类词有or, also, besides, apart from, in addition, furthermore, moreover, as well as 等。
比如2012年2月9日雅思考试有道真题是:
what does*** souvenirs sold besides postcards?
A.Map B. Clothes C. Foods D. Posters. E. Drinks.
4. 表达转折关系的连接词。这些连接词通常是出题的高频地点。 表示转折的词有but, however, nevertheless, 往往转折词后面才是问题的答案,前面基本都是干扰信心,而且有时候前面的干扰信息很长。尤其注意but, 由于这个词比较短,发音相对不容易挺清楚。
比如下面这道雅思真题:
What does Karin think the company will do?
A. Look for private investors
B. Accept a takeover offer
C. Issure some new shares.
Audio scripts: They have the choice of accepting the very favorable terms that another company...hvae given them to buy them out...or they could...offer some new shares if they wanted. But I ...expect they will start trying to find individuals who’s be prepared to back them with some of the capital they need.
看完这道题和文稿不难发现,三个选项文中都有提到,而且都是同义替换,给我们做题带来很大的困扰。但是,but出现以后,这道题就迎刃而解了,因为答案就在but后面的信息中。当然很多情况下其实我们根据另一原则来做这道题,那就是but前面的信息一般都是错误的干扰信息,所以这道题可以用排除法来做,排除出现在but前面的信息选项B和C,这样就只剩下正确答案A了。
5. 表达因果关系的词。 表示因果联系的内容是雅思听力中频的几个考点之一。 表达因果关系的词主要有so, therefore, because, because of, as a result of , result from, owing to, be attributed to, thanks to, in that, the reason is, that is why, as a consequence of, due to, bring about, generate, consequently, accordingly等。
Main focus of lecture: the impact of on the occurrence of dust storms.
Audio script: As you know, dust storms have always been a feature of desert climates, but what we want to focus on today is the extent to which human activity is causing them.
这句话中听到but时就要提高警惕了,后面出现的cause可以和impact对上,因此这道题的答案就是human activity。
6. 表达强调或重要性的词。表强调的词有especially, almost, always, remember to d, keep in mind that, 表重要性的有essential, primary, crucial, important, vital, significant, critical等,出现这些词的时候就要格外留心,答案很有可能就在他们周围。
比如这道填空题:The lions sometimes attack humans, especially in times of
Audio script: And they’ve even been known to attack humans, especially in times of drought.
如果这段话你听到especially 的时候格外留心的话,这道题就能很轻松的完成,填drought.
6. 表示总结关系的词。出现这类词的时候基本是一段话或者一篇文章接近尾声的时候,这时作者会对前文做一个小结,有时候会亮出作者的个人观点,如果前面的内容听的不是很清楚的话,这个总结部分认真听往往能快速抓住文章大意,帮助理解前面的题目。表达总结关系的词有in short, in brief, to sum up, to summarize, in summary, on the whole, in a word, in conclusion, overall等.
抓住雅思听力中的信号词,可以帮助我们排除干扰,迅速找到答案所在。大家平时要多熟悉这些信号词,提高对这些词的敏感度,以便考试时迅速识别这些词并重点关注与之相关的内容。
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