四级的仔细阅读跟高考的阅读理解题型相似，相较于选词填空和长篇匹配题，大家对于这种题型并不陌生。但是由于仔细阅读分值占比大，难度也不会太小，所以就出现了很多“坑”。老师就带大家有效地利用逻辑词“避坑”。老师主要介绍如何利用常见的一些逻辑关系，转折，让步，比较逻辑解题。

（一）转折

利用转折关系解题，大家需要知道常见的转折词，比如but，however，whereas，nevertheless等。四级中经常会考到but和however。如果大家看到转折词，就着重看转折词后的内容，转折词后会出现重要信息。

例题1：（2020年9月1套）

51. What does the author suggest by saying “The work-life balance is dead”?

A. The hope of achieving a thriving life is impossible to realize.

B. The pursuit of a fulfilling career involves personal sacrifice.

C. The imbalance between work and life simply doesn’t exist anymore.

D. The concept of work-life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life.

仔细阅读一题，根据顺序出题原则，我们首先去一段找题干中的关键词 “The work-life balance is dead”，这句话出现在一段一句，后面的句子都是围绕这句话进行解释。在这些解释的句子中，我们可以根据逻辑词筛选信息，在第三句出现了转折词but，那么我们就着重去理解but后面的内容，可以得出答案D。

原文定位句：I also acknowledge that we have a work-life problem, but I’m arguing that the concept of balance has never been helpful, because it’s too limiting.

例题2：（2019年6月1套）

50. What does Karraker think is also important?

A. Reducing marital stress on wives.

B. Stabilizing old couples’ relations.

C. Providing extra care for divorced women.

D. Making men pay for their wives’ health costs.

这篇仔细阅读后一道题，一般来说答案会出现在后一段。在后一段中我们可以定位到题干中的关键词“is also important”，而且前面还有转折词but，那么我们就能够很确定这段的第二句是定位句。然后结合对这句话的理解，可以得出答案C。

原文定位句：“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages,” she said. “But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”

（二）让步

让步逻辑词主要有although，though，even though，even if等。句子中出现让步逻辑词，大家要排除让步逻辑词后的信息。因为让步逻辑词引导让步状语从句，也可以理解为，排除让步状语从句的信息，着重理解其所在句子的主句信息。

例题3：（2020年9月1套）

53. What does the author say we do in an ideal world?

A. We do work that betters the lives of our families and friends.

B. We do work that gives us bursts of joy each new day.

C. We do meaningful work that contributes to society.

D. We do demanding work that brings our capacity into full play.

结合题干关键词“an ideal world”，可以定位到文章第二段第二句，找出关键词“meaning and purpose”，以及排除让步逻辑词even if后面的内容，着重理解其所在的句子的主句部分，划出关键词“contribution， society”。结合关键词对比选项，可以得出答案C。

原文定位句：In the ideal world, we’re all doing work that we’re proud of and that provides meaning and purpose to us. Even if your job doesn’t give you shivers of joy each new day, working is a part of what each of us does and the contribution we make to society.

（三）比较

比较关系其实是我们在做阅读题时比较容易忽视的一种逻辑关系，但是四级阅读考试中经常会涉及到比较关系或者说比较级考点，大家要多加留意。比较关系一般会出现as...as, more than等逻辑词。对于比较关系，需要记住，原文中的定位句如果出现了比较关系，正确选项就会出现比较关系。如果定位句没有出现比较关系，那么就可以排除含有比较关系的选项。

例题4：（2019年6月第二套）

46. What do most American think of women leaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey?

A. They have to do more to distinguish themselves.

B. They have to strive harder to win their positions.

C. They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.

D. They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.

原文定位句中含有比较关系as capable...as，所以可以直接排除含有more than比较关系的选项，得出答案D。借助比较关系来对比选项，会事半功倍。

原文定位句：According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men.

例题5：（2017年12月1套）

51. What does the author say is the problem with women?

A. They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.

B. They are usually more committed at home than on the job.

C. They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.

D. They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.

文章的一题，去一段找定位句，找到定位句是第二句之后，再对比答案。可以优先排除含有比较级的选项A，B，因为定位句中并没有比较关系。再理解句子含义，得出答案D。注意同义词替换。

原文定位句：Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life.

以上就是利用逻辑词在四级仔细阅读中筛选信息的方法。大家在实际做题的时候除了理解单词词组的含义，一定要重视句内和句间的逻辑词。运用好了，可以达到事半功倍的效果。