“line” 是英语中一个含义和用法极其丰富的单词,可作名词、动词,还能构成大量固定搭配。以下是其核心含义及用法的详细梳理:
一、 作名词 (n.):最常用词性,核心含义围绕 “线、行列、线路” 展开
1. 表示 “线”(物理 / 抽象)
物理上的线:指细长的痕迹、绳索、边界等。
例句:
Draw a straight line on the paper. (在纸上画一条直线。)
The clothes are hanging on the washing line. (衣服挂在晾衣绳上。)
The border line between the two countries is well-defined. (两国的边界线很清晰。)
抽象的 “线”:时间线、思路、行业领域等。
例句:
We need to stay on line with the project schedule. (我们要跟上项目的时间线。)
I lost my line of thought during the speech. (演讲时我忘了思路。)
She works in the fashion line. (她从事时尚行业。)
2. 表示 “行列、队伍”
指人或物按顺序排列形成的队列。
例句:
People are standing in a line to buy tickets. (人们在排队买票。)
The cars formed a long line on the highway. (高速公路上汽车排起了长队。)
3. 表示 “线路、航线、电话线”
用于交通、通信等领域的 “线路”。
例句:
This bus line goes to the city center. (这条公交线通往市中心。)
The airline opened a new line to Paris. (这家航空公司开通了飞往巴黎的新航线。)
I’ve been trying to call, but the line is busy. (我一直在打电话,但线路占线。)
4. 表示 “台词、诗句”
特指戏剧、电影中的台词,或诗歌中的诗句。
例句:
She forgot her lines during the play. (她在演出时忘词了。)
This line from the poem is very famous. (这首诗里的这句诗很有名。)
5. 其他常见名词含义
产品系列:a new line of cosmetics(新系列化妆品)
态度、立场:He took a firm line on the issue.(他在这个问题上态度坚决。)
皱纹:There are fine lines around her eyes.(她眼角有细纹。)
二、 作动词 (v.):核心含义为 “画线、排列、连接、遵循”
1. 表示 “画(线)、做标记”
例句:Line the edge of the paper with a pencil.(用铅笔给纸的边缘画上线。)
2. 表示 “排列、沿… 排列”
例句:Trees line both sides of the street.(街道两旁种满了树。)
3. 表示 “(用东西)铺衬、垫里”
例句:Line the box with newspaper to protect the glass.(用报纸垫在盒子里保护玻璃。)
4. 表示 “连接、接通(电话)”
例句:Can you line me through to the manager?(能帮我接通经理的电话吗?)
5. 表示 “遵循、符合”
例句:Her actions line up with her words.(她言行一致。)