“case” 是英语中一个含义广泛、用法灵活的单词,可作名词和动词,核心含义围绕 “情况、事例、容器” 展开。以下是其主要含义及用法的详细解析:
一、 作名词 (n.):最常用词性,含义丰富多样
1. 表示 “情况、状况、事例”
这是最基础的含义,指具体的情形、实例或某种状态。
例句:
Each case is different and requires individual treatment. (每个情况都不同,需要单独处理。)
There have been several cases of flu in the school recently. (最近学校里出现了几例流感病例。)
In this case, we should prioritize safety. (在这种情况下,我们应优先考虑安全。)
2. 表示 “案件、诉讼”
用于法律、警务等场景,指需要处理的案件或诉讼事件。
例句:
The lawyer is handling a murder case. (这位律师正在处理一起谋杀案。)
The case will go to court next month. (这起案件将于下月开庭。)
The police are still investigating the theft case. (警方仍在调查这起盗窃案。)
3. 表示 “容器、盒子、箱子”
指用于存放、保护物品的器具,通常有盖或可闭合。
例句:
She bought a new case for her laptop. (她给笔记本电脑买了个新壳。)
The jewelry is kept in a wooden case. (珠宝存放在一个木盒子里。)
He carried his tools in a metal case. (他用一个金属箱子装工具。)
4. 表示 “(语法中的)格”
语言学概念,指名词、代词等在句中因语法功能不同而发生的形式变化(如主格、宾格等)。
例句:
In English, pronouns have different forms for the subjective and objective cases. (英语中,代词的主格和宾格有不同形式。)
The teacher explained the case of nouns in Latin. (老师讲解了拉丁语中名词的格。)
5. 其他常见名词含义
(医学)病例:The doctor reviewed the patient’s case history. (医生查阅了病人的病历。)
(商业)案例、方案:We analyzed a successful marketing case in class. (我们在课堂上分析了一个成功的营销案例。)
(行李箱):She packed her clothes into a large case for the trip. (她把衣服装进一个大行李箱准备旅行。)
二、 作动词 (v.):含义相对集中,主要为 “包围、笼罩;装箱”
1. 表示 “包围、环绕;笼罩”
指从周围围住某物,或某种氛围、情感笼罩某地 / 某人。
例句:
The building is cased by tall trees. (这座建筑被高大的树木环绕。)
A sense of sadness cased the room after the news. (消息传来后,悲伤的情绪笼罩了整个房间。)
2. 表示 “给… 装壳 / 装箱”
指为物品配备外壳或装入容器中。
例句:
The phone was cased in leather to protect it. (手机套了皮壳来保护。)
Workers are casing the products before shipment. (工人们正在给产品装箱准备发货。)