托福写作考题解析--马锦雯

作者：马锦雯   新航道武汉学校托福写作讲师、托福词汇讲师，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学硕士毕业，有多年海外学习和工作的经历，了解中西方文化和思维差异。在教学中擅长发散学生思维，对学员耐心负责。

考情分析：这道题属于托福综合写作的高频类话题生物类，考到的内容是关于恐龙进化体型比较大的环境因素。从内容难度来说，这篇没有太多的生词，虽然考生可能会不太清楚Sauropods是蜥脚类恐龙，但是并不会影响考生对文章意思的理解，属于难度适中的考题。总的来说，考生在积累相关学科词汇后，日常加强精听的练习，对抓取关键细节能力提升，那综合写作就能有效地拿到高分。

其实，综合写作中，已经不是次出现于恐龙相关的话题，例如TPO24研究霸王龙腿骨化石，TPO4 恐龙是否是恒温动物，以及20120224CN考过关于T. Rex（Tyrannosaurus. rex）霸王龙能不能跑。除了写作，阅读中也会出现相关话题，比如TPO42中有篇阅读就是关于解释恐龙灭绝的文章。这一类的题目，从词汇积累来说，大家可以从考古类和生物类去准备，比如可以做一下综合写作TPO47, TPO45, TPO43, TPO34, TP029, TPO24, TPO 4。这几篇都是与历史中出现过的生物或者恐龙相关。 

题目解析：这是一道社会类话题的考题，是以前出现过的老题目，重复了20121027CN的考试。从题干来说，题干内的关键词主要是围绕社会问题，有限定性的词汇lifetime。因此，针对这道题目的破题来说，那就是首先去想有哪些社会问题，这可以回归到考生比较熟悉的话题，比如：就业、环境、贫穷等。那么接下来就是通过这些社会问题去联想，能有什么例子可以应用。总得来说，这道题，不管是同意还是不同意，其实都可以写。比如认为能够在lifetime解决，例如环境问题，随着保护意识提高，可以解决。医疗问题，随着科技发展，可以解决。教育问题，随着信息化的到来，可以普及。如果选择不同意，也很容易构思，比如环境，没有很有效的方法，需要很长时间才能解决。同理，贫穷的问题，社会阶级是永远存在的，不可能达到共同富裕。最后，健康问题，即使医疗水平在进步，但事实上，现在癌症等疾病的患病率在逐年增加，目前还没有很有效的方法能马上解决这些问题，这是一场持久战。

由此可以看出，两边的立场其实都比较容易构思，考生可以根据自己的倾向进行选择。下面是一篇范文，供考生参考。

Thanks to the blooming of human population and the advancement of technology, the world has become so sophisticated. So, predicting the future is unlikely to be successful. Owing to this, a problem once simpler has become increasing complex as well. As a result, even though many issues could be solved by the cutting-edge technology, I have to admit that those important social problems affecting our current life would not be eliminated during our lifetime.

First and foremost, the health issue cannot be scraped within our lifetime. In fact, the cancer has become the top killer of people over the last few decades among different countries, especially in developed countries. Although scientists have discovered and invented many medicines and therapies，doctors has not found effective methods to cure those diseases as the gene is so mysterious and complex that we know little about it. In addition, along with the time, it is undeniable that some diseases will evolve as well, because the change of environment may contribute to the evolving and recombining of the virus or bacterial. Therefore, like human flu vaccines that people have to be updated continually, people can never stop fighting with the health problem.

Moreover, environmental deterioration is another sticky problem that may be solved in a relatively short period. Meanwhile, this situation may even get worse in the future, because many countries only focus on the economic growth rather than protecting the environment. The air pollution in China might be a case in point. In the last few decades, the Chinese economy is boosting dramatically due to the burgeoning development of manufacture and the large amount energy consumption like coal and petroleum. Indeed, the Chinese economic reform made such progress and successfully improve people living standard. However, it is the unbridled exploitation that people have to face the consequences like smog which will lead to many respiratory problem. What’s more, if people want to alleviate the environmental degradation, it will not only cost billion dollars but also the laborious efforts in next few generations.

Admittedly, with technical development in the future, many important problems will be solved in the near future. Take education as example. Thanks to the growth of economy and the motion network construction, the degree of education has significantly increased in recent years in developing countries like Africa, because many people can learn from the Internet or government-supported. However, other issues like poverty which is not only in those developing countries but also in the developed nations cannot be eliminated within our lifetime. This is because the imbalance of economic conditions, unfairness of resources and un-equality of personal opportunities are the nature of society. Thus, the economy growth and the technology development may contribute to boosting the overall living standard, but do not eliminate the social income disparity.

In summary, for the above listed problem, it is difficult to believe that these problems will be solved soon as there will always be new problems come out in those fields and we can never end up with them. But we should look into the future that these issues can also give new impetus to the human progress.

（新航道武汉学校 北美考试院 托福写作组 马锦雯）