作者：新航道武汉学校 北美考试院 托福写作组 耶鲁工作室 卢雅静 

题目解析：

此次综合写作侧重生态类，主要是讲述城市中人类活动与动物生存的问题，是较为常见的综合写作话题，内容重复了2012年7月28日的原题。虽然年份间隔较久，但也说明了综合写作也会时不时考察历年老题的。此次综合写作的难点在于听力的反驳理由并不常见，也不能直接根据阅读反推，细节较多，必须要听懂听力中的关键词才能理解内容，因此需要同学们在平时听力训练中加强关键词的抓取训练。TPO中与此类话题相近且驳斥逻辑类似的的内容为TPO42：

阅读部分：三个措施能够避免城市中的鸟类撞到玻璃

1. 使用单面玻璃，室内能看到室外，室外的鸟儿不能通过玻璃看到室内，因此会绕道飞

2. 窗上喷彩色条纹

3. 用人工磁场引导

听力部分：三种方法都没用

1. 鸟类不能理解单面玻璃反射原理，还是会撞上来

2. 彩色条纹中间的空隙还是会让鸟类撞上，而空袭过小室内又无法采光

3. 磁场只能用于鸟类远距离飞行，城市内短距离飞行鸟类还是运用视力

题目解析：

这是一道旧题，出自于2016.09.25CN，题型为三选一，话题是教育类下的校园生活。三选一的题目一般情况下最常见有两种行文结构：

种：一个主体段论证同意选项的优点；剩下两个主体段分别论证不同意的两个选项的劣势；

第二种：两个主体段论证同意选项的1-2个优点，剩下一个主体段同时论证不同意的两个选项的劣势。

以上两种方式不分优劣，取决于大家在考场上能否在2-3分钟内构思出足够的分论点，只要能够论证充分，两种写法都能取得高分。

这道题中需要注意题干中有一个关键词dormitory，若将这个词忽略掉，把这道题改写为 “If a university will spend money to improve the life quality of students, which of the following do you think is the best way? ”，那么可想而知选项一的好处当然就是为学生提供了更多自习的地方，选项二的好处是锻炼身体，选项三的好处是丰富业余生活。把这些理由套用到原题中去可不可行呢？当然是可行的，不算跑题，但是也不够切题。在托福独立写作中，希望大家在遇到二选一或三选一的题目时，尤其注意题干中的小细节，因为很多时候只有将细节关键词考虑进去才能构思出更为切题的分论点。

比如这道题，当我们将选项的三个功能室置于学生宿舍后会发现，其实这三个功能的房间在学校的其他地方也都有存在，不就是图书馆、校园健身房和校园周边的娱乐活动吗？那把这些挪到宿舍有什么额外的好处和弊端呢？好处当然应该是方便省时，符合学生的日常作息时间，便宜（甚至免费），坏处可能就会打扰学生休息，将这几个理由作为分论点，选择合适的选项，我们就能完成一个三选一的独立写作了。

Apart from the discussion of how to improve the students’ performance in all aspects, nowadays there is an increasing awareness of the importance of bettering the living quality of university students. Rather than building a fitness room or entertainment room for students, I prefer to contend that a room for study is the best way to meet the needs of students.

What comes first is that a study room in dormitory frees students from being busy running about between the library and their dormitory. Having a study room in the dormitory, students can save considerable time on their way, and thus have more time to plug away at study, without worrying about the close time of the university library. The experience of mine can be the best example to illustrate it. In the first year of my university, to catch up with my major course, I had no choice but to study in the library till it was shut at ten o’clock, and walked for more than twenty minutes to my dormitory to continue studying. This distressful situation changed after the university converted several rooms in dormitory into study rooms. I was able to study in the dormitory instead of library, which made the devotion of more time to my schoolwork become possible and allowed me to improve a lot in my major performance.

Admittedly, a fitness room in the dormitory is a heartful consideration for students, since the fitness room is probably open for free, which alleviates the economic burden of students. However, the improper use of the fitness equipment along with the lack of professional trainers to guide and protect students from being hurt may stand a chance that students are more likely to get hurt and cannot receive timely help and treatment. In addition, with different life habits, exercise in the dormitory at night or in the early morning may disturb or interfere the rest and study of other students. It is common for the diverse living habits to create conflicts between students, and therefore may bring some troubles for universities on the management of dormitory.

In the meantime, indeed, it is definitely an appealing idea to build an entertainment room in the dormitory, for it provides students with a more secure environment to not only get away from busy study but also enhance their bonds with classmates. But this does not mean that we should take it with total and uncritical acceptance. To be specific, to satisfy the various entertainment demands of students, university needs to furnish and equip the room with a large range of facilities such as projectors, stereo equipment, karaoke, and so on, which will extend over a large area of space as well as compress the space for students to rest. Further, the easy access to entertainments in dormitory will lead to the indulgence of students in activities that do not pertain to study, and thus exert negative effect on their academic performance.

In a nutshell, it will be a more considerate way for university to build a room for study rather than for entertainment and physical exercise in the dormitory to enhance the life quality of students.